OSnews

The Regolith Desktop 3.0 has been released for Ubuntu Focal, Jammy, Lunar, and Debian Bullseye and Bookworm. A new Wayland-based session is available (for Jammy, Lunar, and Bookworm) as well as the existing X11 session. Regolith Desktop is a keyboard-focused, tiling desktop environment, and this new release comes with tons of new features even aside from the Wayland work. There's now fractional scaling for resolutions higher than 1920*1080, as well as a whole boatload of fixes and changes.

Multiplix is a small operating system serving as the foundation for some research projects in operating systems. It is currently designed as a monolithic kernel plus a special kernel monitor that runs at a higher privilege level. Multiplix is very much in-progress. The current status is that Multiplix can boot all cores, enable virtual memory and interrupts, supports multiple user-mode processes with a limited set of system calls, and has a simple Unix-like file system. Current work is focused on expanding the system call interface to support a shell and a basic user-mode environment. Two experimental operating systems on a single day - it must be OSNews Christmas.

I wanted to experiment with Non-Unix OS ideas. Exo-kernels are interesting, but it is mostly a theory. This project helps me understand the challenges involved in that pattern. OS development is extremely hard, Rust makes it more bearable. There's some fascinating ideas in this experimental project.

Haiku developer PulkoMandy has released a new version of the BFS Windows driver, fixing some problems. In case you need to access your BFS (and possibly SkyFS, but I can't test that) partitions from Windows, I just fixed some problems in and made a binary available. With Haiku becoming increasingly useable on a day-to-day basis, tools like these to make the cross-platform life just a bit easier are essential, so I'm glad the Haiku developers are dedicating some time to things like this as well.

I was having an email conversation with Stoo Cambridge, and he mentioned that he was having trouble making his Linux machine display thumbnails of Amiga IFF/ILBM files. It turns out I have a solution for him, so I am sharing it here to help anyone else. The number of people to whom this is relevant must be minute, but that's exactly what why it's perfect OSNews material.

Currently, in Windows 11, links contained in Windows system components, like, say, in the Settings application, are always opened in Edge, completely disregarding your default browser setting. Well, thanks to the European Union's new Digital Services Act, this is going to change - but only for users in the European Economic Area. The latest Insider Preview changelog states: In the European Economic Area (EEA), Windows system components use the default browser to open links. It's remarkable how quickly things can change when the full might of the EU's and member states' legal systems can come bearing down on you if you don't comply. We're already seeing the first few signs of users in the EU getting a better experience than users elsewhere.

The Fairphone 5 is official and full of surprises. As you might expect, it's the usual repairable phone from Fairphone, with parts available to order and easily installable with just a screwdriver. A new phone means faster components and a more modern design. What you might not expect is Fairphone opting entirely out of Qualcomm's consumer upgrade cycle thanks to its choice of an industrial IoT" SoC that promises longer support times. With a longer window from Qualcomm and a commitment from Fairphone to keep going even after Qualcomm's industrial support cycle, Fairphone says this device will end up with a jaw-dropping 8-10 years of OS support. The Fairphone 5 is not for sale in the US. Europeans, though, can get the device for 699 euros (~$753), with preorders starting today and a ship date of September 14. For the basic specs, we have a mid-range loadout, starting with a 6.46-inch, 90 Hz, 2770*1224 OLED display. There's 8GB of RAM, 256GB of storage, a side fingerprint reader, and a microSD slot. For rear cameras, it offers a 50 MP Sony IMX800, an anonymous 50 MP wide-angle sensor, and a time-of-flight sensor. The front cam is a 50 MP Samsung JN1. Such a support cycle should be legally mandated for every OEM.

The Linux 6.6 modules infrastructure is changing to better protect against the illicit behavior of NVIDIA's proprietary kernel driver. Luis Chamberlain sent out the modules changes today for the Linux 6.6 merge window. Most notable with the modules update is a change that better builds up the defenses against NVIDIA's proprietary kernel driver from using GPL-only symbols. Or in other words, bits that only true open-source drivers should be utilizing and not proprietary kernel drivers like NVIDIA's default Linux driver in respecting the original kernel code author's intent. Here's a wild idea, NVIDIA: just release your driver code as open source.

By far, the most popular so-called DOS Extender in the early 1990's was DOS/4GW. MS-DOS game compatibility occupied a very large portion of my time during Windows 95 development, so I saw a lot of DOS Extender banners, most frequently the DOS/4GW banner. Now, you might wonder, How did these games even run in Windows 95 if they came with a DOS Extender? Wouldn't the extender try to enter protected mode and fail, because Windows was already managing protected mode?" When Raymond Chen speaks, we listen. That's the rules.

From Google's Workspaces Blog: Today we're making Duet AI for Google Workspace generally available, and you can get started now with a no-cost trial. With over 3 billion users and more than 10 million paying customers who rely on it every day to get things done, Google Workspace is the world's most popular productivity tool. Our pioneering technology makes collaborating with people easy, fun, and ubiquitously available. With the introduction of Duet AI, we added AI as a real-time collaborator. Since its launch, thousands of companies and more than a million trusted testers have used Duet AI as a powerful collaboration partner that can act as a coach, source of inspiration, and productivity booster - all while ensuring every user and organization has control over their data. None of this stuff even remotely interests me, but to be fair - I don't work in a large organisations with dozens of meetings to remember, endless emails to read, and countless shared documents to keep track of. I have no idea if these features make any of those tedious things any easier, or if it's just something users who do live the office, collaborative life shove to the side as a nuisance.

ObjFW is a portable, lightweight framework for the Objective-C language. It enables you to write an application in Objective-C that will run on any platform supported by ObjFW without having to worry about differences between operating systems or various frameworks you would otherwise need if you want to be portable. It supports all modern Objective-C features when using Clang, but is also compatible with GCC >= 4.6 to allow maximum portability. ObjFW version 1.0 has just been released, which is, of course, a major milestone for any project. In this case, it also means ObjFW now has a stable API and ABI. ObjFW is available on a variety of platforms, from macOS and Windows to more exotic ones like the Amiga and Nintendo (3)DS.

In this article, I describe my journey creating a barely functional rust backend enabling compilation for the .NET runtime (Usually used to run C# and F#). It is currently in the proof-of-concept stage, but I believe it still may be of some interest. Rust is everywhere.

Turns out that installing the Steam client from the Ubuntu repos on a new Ubuntu 23.04 install doesn't work - and barely anyone noticed. Which is kind of surprising given the popularity of Steam, but also kind of not - and I'll get to why in a second. So what's the rub? This whole saga seems to illustrate that most Steam users on Linux install Steam from Valve itself, instead of using the packaged version. Interesting.

Microsoft has just paused Bing ads targeting Chrome users who have set Google as the default search engine. Windows 11 (and 10) users are seeing more Bing and Edge of late, and the most recent ad appears on top of games as the tech giant trying to push folks to use Bing rather than Google search in Chrome. As I reported on Sunday, Microsoft aggressively pushed Bing to Chrome users with Google or other search engine as default. This campaign involved a pop-up on the desktop's lower right side, hovering above all apps and games. The advert reminded users of the benefits of using Bing, such as AI chat and Microsoft Rewards. People will keep using this garbage, so why would Microsoft no spam Windows users with ads? It's not like Windows users care.

I recently released a big update for my Mac ROM SIMM Programmer software which is written using Qt for cross-platform compatibility. As part of the update I wanted to release the Mac build as a universal x86_64/arm64 binary so that M1/M2 Mac users would be able to run it natively. It doesn't currently compile for Qt 6, although I think I can fix that in the future without too much effort. However, Qt 5.15.9 and later do support creating universal binaries out of the box, so I decided to figure out how to set it all up. Even though I think I have pretty decent Google-fu, it was difficult to piece everything together to accomplish this goal. I'm hoping this post can serve as a reference for people in the future. These instructions are based on Qt 5.15.10 because that is the latest version that is currently open source. I did this on an M2 Mac Mini running macOS 13.5.1 Ventura. Useful information for those that need it. I'm not one of those, but I'm sure some of you are.

Google officially went online later in 1998. It quickly became so inseparable from both the way we use the internet and, eventually, culture itself, that we almost lack the language to describe what Google's impact over the last 25 years has actually been. It's like asking a fish to explain what the ocean is. And yet, all around us are signs that the era of peak Google" is ending or, possibly, already over. There is a growing chorus of complaints that Google is not as accurate, as competent, as dedicated to search as it once was. The rise of massive closed algorithmic social networks like Meta's Facebook and Instagram began eating the web in the 2010s. More recently, there's been a shift to entertainment-based video feeds like TikTok - which is now being used as a primary search engine by a new generation of internet users. Google has consistently been getting worse in both user experience and search results for years now, but the frustrating thing is that Google has been - and still is - so incredibly dominant, that there really isn't any viable competition. DuckDuckGo is nice, I guess, and I use it, but in the end it's just Bing with extra steps, and it shows in its own rather dismal search results. Everything else barely deserves a mention. While I hear good things about Kagi, their business model just is not suited for someone like me who relies on searching the web more than most people do - I'm a translator, and we have to be effectively experts in so many fields that I almost spend more time searching and cross-referencing terminology in all kinds of fields than I do actually writing down the definitive translations. Add to that the various topics I need to cover for OSNews, and even their 1000 searches a month for $10 is not enough, and paying $25 per month for their unlimited tier - or $300 a year - is absolutely bonkers expensive. And we all know those prices are only going to go up. So, online search is in a bad spot right now, and I don't think adding AI" to it is going to make it any better - in fact, it's probably only going to make it worse. There's definitely a massive opportunity here for someone to make an actually good, no-nonsense search engine, but crawling and indexing the web is prohibitively expensive, so even the pricey stuff like Kagi relies on Google and others for its results. I wish Google would just focus their search efforts on making a good search engine, sprinkled with some ads in the sidebar or occasionally interspersed inside the results, clearly marked. They have the data, they have the index - why are they making search worse, instead of better? I hate this headline.

Magnetic tape drives have long occupied the role that hard drives have shifted toward since the emergence of SSDs - cost-effective cold storage. Although they're too slow for most users, recent developments allow magnetic drives to carry hundreds of gigabytes per square inch of tape. This week, IBM's offerings in the space took another step forward. The company's new TS1170 drive can store 50TB of uncompressed data per tape cartridge using the new JF media type. Employing 3:1 compression expands the capacity to 150TB. The technology represents a 250 percent increase over the TS1160 drive and JE media, which reached 20TB uncompressed and 60TB compressed. Additionally, the TS1170 manages a native data rate of 400 MB/s, increasing to 900 MB/s when handling compressed data. I've toyed with the idea of getting a used tape drive so I can use it to back up data - but mostly just to play with the technology. They're not that expensive on eBay, but there's quite a few different types and offerings, and it's difficult to get a grasp on what would be a good option for a tinkerer to go for.

In a first for any OS/2-based distribution, ArcaOS 5.1 supports installation on the latest generation of UEFI-based systems, and includes the ability to install to GPT-based disk layouts. This enables ArcaOS 5.1 to install on a wide array of modern hardware. ArcaOS 5.1.0 can be used for new installs or to upgrade any prior version of ArcaOS 5. If installing from USB stick, the USB install stick may be created using any major operating system at hand (Windows, Linux, MacOS, and of course, OS/2, eComStation, and ArcaOS). Once built, the USB stick can be inserted into any USB port in the target system to boot into the ArcaOS installer/updater in either UEFI or traditional BIOS mode (alternatively, the DVD image may be burned to physical media and also booted to either UEFI or traditional BIOS systems). This release, and the support for UEFI and GPT-based drives in particular, is a massive achievement by the ArcaOS team. They're most likely a rather small team, serving a small market, and I'm not even sure how much access they really have to the source code of the various parts that make up OS/2 - is anything known about the license between Arca Noae and IBM? - and this release has taken them quite a few years. However long it took, and however much work was involved, ArcaOS can now be used on modern hardware for a long time to come.

We have been in charge of maintaining one legacy Android app for our customer. It is an app, which is used by end-customers in production, but it does not have any active development going on because it's been ready for years now. If it would be up to us, then we would not touch that app and would let it live its life happily ever after. Of course, there is no happily ever after when closed application stores are involved, so everything went south from here. It amazes me that a lot people only seem to be waking up now to the realities so many of us warned about when closed application stores took over from freely distributable applications over a decade ago. What do you get for that 30% cut of your revenue? Delays, nonsense rejections, no people to contact, and so much corporate bureaucracy it would turn Ayn Rand socialist. This is the reality of doing business with monopolists.

The EU Digital Services Act went into effect last Friday, and since there's an insane amount of misinformation from big tech astroturfers about what the DSA means, it's time to list what the DSA really does for people in the EU. People in the 27-nation European Union can alter some of what shows up when they search, scroll and share on the biggest social media platforms like TikTok, Instagram and Facebook and other tech giants like Google and Amazon. That's because Big Tech companies, most headquartered in the U.S., are now subject to a pioneering new set of EU digital regulations. The Digital Services Act aims to protect European users when it comes to privacy, transparency and removal of harmful or illegal content. Here are five things that will change when you sign on. All of these are excellent improvements and gives us as consumers more sticks to fight with. The EU is far from perfect - just like any other government - but as far as consumer protection goes, they're leading the charge. Never forget who would not want consumers to have more protections.

The mess I'm describing - end-to-end encryption but with certain exceptions - may be a healthy balance of your privacy and our safety. The problem is it's confusing to know what is encrypted and secret in communications apps, what is not and why it might matter to you. To illuminate the nuances, I broke down five questions about end-to-end encryption for five communications apps. This is straightforward and good overview of what, exactly, is end-to-end encrypted in the various chat and IM applications we use today. There's a lot of ifs and buts here.

But does it run Linux?" can now be finally and affirmatively answered for the Commodore C64! There is a catch (rather: a couple) of course: It runs extremely slowly and it needs a RAM Expansion Unit (REU), as there is no chance to fit it all into just 64KiB. It even emulates virtual memory with an MMU. Insanity. A real C64 would take about a week (!) to boot Linux.

Ichido is a set of experimental search engines and software projects created by Anthony Mancini. The flagship project is the Ichido general purpose search engine, a classic search engine with its own independent index. Now, indexing the web is hard and this is in beta so the search results aren't exactly what you'd call competitive, but I have to say - the user interface for this search engine is downright fantastic. It emulates that late '90s look, and does a very interesting thing where it adds buttons for things like RSS feeds and social accounts for the pages it links to in the results. On top of that, it will list less desirable features of websites - trackers, ads, etc., as red warnings. No, this can't replace DDG or Google - but I love the thought put into the UI.

At some point last year (shortly before I began writing this blog post!) I found reference to a hanafuda video game created in 1998 for the Casio CALEID XM-700 Mobile Navigator on a random old, Japanese website. It turns out this device is a long-forgotten handheld computer that was released in 1997, only in Japan. The device is what you might refer to as a PIM or PDA, roughly equivalent to Apple Newton or Palm Pilot, particularly as it featured handwriting recognition. Not what we would consider powerful in this day and age, but good at running database lookups and any undemanding software written specifically for it. The CPU was Intel 8086 compatible, like other period CASIO handheld personal computers, and an SDK was available. Cost of the device was 47800JPY, which was around 240GBP or 400USD at the time. The game file came with a reference bitmap showing hanafuda scoring, which was just the type of guarantee and encouragement I needed to start hunting. Nothing gets my blood flowing like a handheld device or PDA I've never heard of (my wife is okay with this).

It has been a little while since we shared our vision for Ubuntu Desktop, and explained how our current roadmap fits into our long term strategic thinking. Recently, we embarked on an internal exercise to consolidate and bring structure to our values and goals for how we plan to evolve the desktop experience over the next few years. This post is designed to share the output of those discussions and give insight into the direction we're going. These values form the framework by which we determine our priorities and measure our progress, and hopefully inspire those that want to contribute to this experience to focus their energies in ways that are aligned with our longer term ambitions. I was hoping for more concrete ideas, plans, and ambitions from Canonical here, but this one is a bit of a nothingburger. There's a lot happening in the desktop Linux world, especially around immutability, and I see nothing here about such long-term plans, or even relatively short-term meaningful desktop improvements.

Have you ever wanted a more lightweight version of OSNews? A version that loads more optimally inside a terminal? Well, I've got good news for you: OSNews is now available on Gemini: gemini://gemini.osnews.com. What is Gemini? This is how the project's website describes it: Gemini is a new internet technology supporting an electronic library of interconnected text documents. That's not a new idea, but it's not old fashioned either. It's timeless, and deserves tools which treat it as a first class concept, not a vestigial corner case. Gemini isn't about innovation or disruption, it's about providing some respite for those who feel the internet has been disrupted enough already. We're not out to change the world or destroy other technologies. We are out to build a lightweight online space where documents are just documents, in the interests of every reader's privacy, attention and bandwidth. Gemini is effectively a text-based alternative protocol to HTTP, reminiscent of protocols like Gopher. There's some very basic markup available in the form of gemtext, but for all intents and purposes, when you load a Gemini capsule (the Gemini term for website), you're effectively loading nothing more than plain a text file, which happens to also make Gemini capsules ideal for use in terminals. There are various ways to load Gemini capsules - from dedicated graphical clients for a wide variety of platforms, to very basic CLI-based clients. Personally, I use Buran on Android, Lagrange and Castor on Linux, GemiNaut on Windows, and Amfora in the CLI. There's also various extensions for Firefox and Chrome if you want to load Gemini capsules right inside your regular browser. In addition, Gemini's lightweight, simple nature also makes it a great candidate for alternative, classic, or basic operating systems. As far HTTP(S) links go, Gemini clients will generally offer to load these inside your default browser. Due to Gemini's focus on simplicity, there's a few workarounds the OSNews Gemini site had to implement to make it all work. First, you cannot have in-text links such as this - every link needs to be its own line. So, links inside stories are converted to numbered footnotes. Second, while gemtext supports quotes, they, too, can only be on one line. As such, we had to choose between turning multi-paragraph quotes into multiple separate gemtext quotes, or combine quotes into one gemtext quote. We opted for the latter, as it looked the best on most clients I've tried. Third, for simplicity's sake, comments are not available on our Gemini site. Not only would it be hard (impossible?) to let you post comments inside Gemini, it would also be needlessly complex to create multiple scripts to convert comments posted on the regular site into gemtext. As such, every story on the Gemini site will contain an outgoing Comments" link, pointing towards the normal site. Fourth, there's no images. As for how this all works - I'm running the Agate Gemini server from home (meaning the server will be down a few times a week as I install updates on my workstation), and Julien Blanchard (julienxx) did the actually hard work by writing a Ruby script that takes our RSS feed and converts it into a drop-in gemtext page. I simply run this script periodically, and it dumps the gemtext page in Agate's /content directory. I want to deeply thank Julien for writing this script and working out a few small bugs with me - I never could've done this myself, and probably would've had to resort to manually posting the items on Gemini myself. As for the why - well, why not? When I ran across Gemini, I instantly felt it was a great fit for OSNews, and would give you as readers a different, far more optimised way of accessing the site. While I doubt it will see tons of use, I'm sure there's still a few of you out there who would be happy with this version of OSNews.

After 18 months developing with the Zephyr RTOS, I'm starting to become a strong proponent. In my opinion, one of the key advantages of the Zephyr RTOS is the hardware abstraction. It allows applications to be written for Zephyr that are platform independent and can be moved between different boards including different manufacturers of microcontrollers. In a world still suffering from chip shortages, it has been a breath of fresh air. Zephyr is a small real-time operating system (RTOS) designed for embedded microcontrollers such as the ARM Cortex-M series devices. As a project of the Linux Foundation, it shares many similarities with Linux, including DeviceTree and more recently, Pin Control. This is at the heart of how Zephyr gets its platform independence. It's an article from January of 2023, but with how little we usually hear of these embedded platforms, I'll take everything I can get.

Last year the European Union enacted a new set of regulations known as the Digital Services Act (DSA), designed to harmonize content regulations across the EU and create specific processes for online content moderation. The DSA applies to many different online services - from marketplaces and app stores to online video sharing platforms and search engines. As a result, we have adapted many of our long-standing trust and safety processes and changed the operation of some of our services to comply with the DSA's specific requirements. We look forward to continued engagement with the European Commission and other stakeholders, including technical and policy experts, as we progress this important work. This blog post lists some of the steps Google is taking to comply with the DSA, which mostly come down to more transparency and giving researchers more access to how Google's products work. It seems a tad on the vague and light side, so we'll see if these steps are enough to bring Google in line.

Google is further strengthening its protections around Gmail, and from now on, you'll have to verify it's you through whatever 2FA method you prefer. It covers changing settings related to filters, forwarding, and IMAP access. When these actions are taken, Google will evaluate the session attempting the action, and if it's deemed risky, it will be challenged with a Verify it's you" prompt. Through a second and trusted factor, such as a 2-step verification code, users can confirm the validity of the action. If a verification challenge is failed or not completed, users are sent a Critical security alert" notification on trusted devices. Seems like a good move.

The BitLocker partition is encrypted using the Full Volume Encryption Key (FVEK). The FVEK itself is encrypted using the Volume Master Key (VMK) and stored on the disk, next to the encrypted data. This permits key rotations without re-encrypting the whole disk. The VMK is stored in the TPM. Thus the disk can only be decrypted when booted from this computer (there is a recovery mechanism in Active Directory though). In order to decrypt the disk, the CPU will ask that the TPM sends the VMK over the SPI bus. The vulnerability should be obvious: at some point in the boot process, the VMK transits unencrypted between the TPM and the CPU. This means that it can be captured and used to decrypt the disk. This seems like such an obvious design flaw, and yet, that's exactly how it works - and yes, as this article notes, you can indeed capture the VMK in-transit and decrypt the disk.

In June 2022, I started work on porting FreeBSD to run on Firecracker. My interest was driven by a few factors. First, I had been doing a lot of work on speeding up the FreeBSD boot process and wanted to know the limits that could be reached with a minimal hypervisor. Second, porting FreeBSD to new platforms always helps to reveal bugs - both in FreeBSD and on those platforms. Third, AWS Lambda only supports Linux at present; I'm always eager to make FreeBSD more available in AWS (although adoption in Lambda is out of my control, Firecracker support would be a necessary precondition). The largest reason, however, was simply because it's there. Firecracker is an interesting platform, and I wanted to see if I could make it work. Firecracker is Amazon's virtual machine monitor. This article goes in great detail about the process of porting FreeBSD to run on Firecracker.

Microsoft Edge on Windows 10 and Windows 11 has again flagged ChromeSetup.exe - the installation file for Google's famous Chrome browser - as potentially harmful. Microsoft Edge's built-in security feature suggests users delete ChromeSetup.exe and try Edge via multiple pop-up messages. Windows Latest understands Microsoft Edge 116 has incorrectly flagged ChromeSetup.exe as potentially harmful. This appears to be a mistake, and only some users see it. In our tests, we observed the error in one out of five Microsoft Edge 116 stable installations. A mistake". I'm sure it was.

Python is one of the most popular programming languages today, loved by businesses and students alike and Excel is an essential tool to organize, manipulate and analyze all kinds of data. But, until now, there hasn't been an easy way to make those two worlds work together. Today, we are excited to introduce the Public Preview of Python in Excel - making it possible to integrate Python and Excel analytics within the same Excel grid for uninterrupted workflow. Python in Excel combines Python's powerful data analysis and visualization libraries with Excel's features you know and love. You can manipulate and explore data in Excel using Python plots and libraries, and then use Excel's formulas, charts and PivotTables to further refine your insights. The preview is available now.

Meanwhile, if you are on Windows 11 and wondering about its compatibility with your system, a document from Intel, spotted by Twitter (X) user Chi11eddog, seemingly confirms that Windows 11 is going to be supported. And although the document does not mention Windows 12, which is expected given that the product has not even been officially announced yet (Microsoft recently revealed the release date for Windows 11 23H2). While this is certainly expected, users who would have stuck to their Windows 10 PCs, either due to the hardware being not on the support list or simply because they prefer the older OS over the new ones, are likely going to be out of luck as the supported OS does not mention Windows 10. I mean, at the time Wi-Fi 7 comes out, Windows 10 will be almost a decade old. I'm all for a good Microsoft thrashing, but expecting them to go back and add support for Wi-Fi 7 to a decade-old operating system seems a bit unrealistic.

Four nonprofit groups seeking to protect kids' privacy online asked the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to investigate YouTube today, after back-to-back reports allegedly showed that YouTube is still targeting personalized ads on videos made for kids". Now it has become urgent that the FTC probe YouTube's data and advertising practices, the groups' letter said, and potentially intervene. Otherwise, it's possible that YouTube could continue to allegedly harvest data on millions of kids, seemingly in violation of the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) and the FTC Act. Targeted online advertising already oozes sleaziness, but targeting children is on a whole different level. There's a reason you should keep a close eye on what your kids are watching on YouTube, and the various content rabbit holes YouTube's algorithm can trap people in aren't the only reason to do so. I'm not one of those extremists that believes YouTube is universally bad for kids - it all depends on what you watch, not that you watch - but that doesn't mean I'm about to hand the remote control to my kids and leave the room.

The company raked in $13.5 billion in revenue since May, it revealed in its Q2 2024 earnings, with the unprecedented demand for its generative AI chips blowing past any difficulty it might have had selling desktop and laptop GPUs into a shrinking PC industry. Data center accounted for a record $10.32 billion of that revenue, more than doubling in just one quarter, and Nvidia made $6.188 billion in profit as a result - up 843 percent year over year. And while gaming is more than a billion dollars short of pandemic highs, it was actually up 22 percent year over year to $2.48 billion in revenue, too. I don't really post about financial results anymore - the amounts of money earned" by tech companies are obscene and utterly destructive - but I do want to highlight NVIDIA here, if only to be able to link back this a few years from now after the AI" bubble has popped.

Over the past year or so, I've been working with other BlueSCSI developers to add Wi-Fi functionality to their open-hardware SCSI device, enabling Wi-Fi support for old Macs and other vintage computers going back some 36 years. This is my Macintosh Portable M5126. It's very Macintosh and hardly portable. For some reason I'm using it on my lawn reading the Wi-Fi Wikipedia article over Wi-Fi through my Wikipedia application for System 6, with my Wi-Fi Desk Accessory showing it connected to my !" network with meager signal strength. With PCB production having become relatively commoditised, we're seeing so many pieces of hardware designed specifically for retro computing, and it's great. Small audiences is no longer a limiting factor in making things like this available, and I'm here for it.

Ars Technica writes: There are hundreds of billions of lines of COBOL code running on production systems worldwide. That's not ideal for a language over 60 years old and whose primary architects are mostly retired or dead. IBM, eager to keep those legacy functions on its Z mainframe systems, wants that code rewritten in Java. It tried getting humans to do it a few years back, but now it has another idea. Yes, you guessed it: It's putting AI on the job. The IBM watsonx Code Assistant, slated to be available in Q4 this year, intends to keep humans in the mix, but with a push from generative AI in analyzing, refactoring, and testing the new object-oriented code. It's not an all-or-nothing process, either, as IBM claims that watsonx-generated code should be interoperable with COBOL and certain Z mainframe functions. This might be one of those cases where using AI" actually makes sense and can be a meaningful tool for the relatively few COBOL programmers left trying to modernise COBOL codebases. I'm obviously not well-versed enough in any of this to make any objective statements, but it seems to make sense.

The computer on Keegan McNamara's desk is like nothing I've ever seen before. The machine sits on a light wood table, bathed in the sunlight coming into the second floor of McNamara's Los Angeles house. McNamara, tall and blonde in jeans and a light khaki Carhartt jacket, walks over to the desk, sits down, and reaches over to hit the power button. Then he pauses. He forgot something. He digs into his pants pocket, pulls out his keys, picks a silver one, sticks it into a cylinder just to the right of the computer's 8-inch screen, and turns. A light on the left side of the device turns red. Then McNamara reaches up and flips a silver switch just above the keyhole, the lights on the left turn to yellow and then green, and his computer comes to life. Like I said, this is not your average computer. This sure is interesting.

Google introduced Project Mainline in Android 10, modularizing OS components so feature and security updates could be delivered through Google Play instead of regular OTA updates. Android 10 launched with 12 supported Mainline modules, but in the latest release, that number has ballooned to 37 updatable modules. Here's a look at how Project Mainline is changing in Android 14 and beyond. If you can't get OEMs to do their job - you have to do it yourself, it seems. The downside to this is that Android is getting less and less open by the year.

You can still do a clean install of Windows, and it's arguably easier than ever, with official Microsoft-sanctioned install media easily accessible and Windows Update capable of grabbing most of the drivers that most computers need for basic functionality. The problem is that a clean install" doesn't feel as clean as it used to, and unfortunately for us, it's an inside job-it's Microsoft, not third parties, that is primarily responsible for the pile of unwanted software and services you need to decline or clear away every time you do a new Windows install. You mean you don't want Candy Crush Saga and Instagram ads on your freshly installed PC?

Despite all of the litigation, Windows 2 made it to market, gained 3rd party support, and signaled a massive transition in computing that all of the competition had failed to do. With Windows 2, millions of people were using a graphical desktop with graphical applications. The mouse was made a standard tool. PCs were now being urged to adopt powerful graphics adapters. Many people claim Windows 2 to be a failure, but this is not an accurate assessment. While it didn't sell to the level of later releases, the market hadn't really become accustomed to buying an operating system on a store shelf. People typically received an OS as part of a computer purchase. That Microsoft was able to sell over 2 million copies of Windows 2 shows a serious change; MS-DOS's days were now numbered. I've always considered Windows 1.0 and 2.0 to be false starts, failed attempts at what would become Windows 3.x. This article makes the case that Windows 2.0 was more important and successful than we give it credit for today.

FreeBSD developers are looking at using the open-source NVIDIA kernel driver being developed by NVIDIA as an open-source Direct Rendering Manager driver that is out-of-tree, but not to be confused with Nouveau. With that kernel driver they are able to provide this nvidia-drm-kmod driver on their own and within the ports collection for better integration with the kernel and those wanting one less kernel binary blob. Excellent news for FreeBSD users with NVIDIA cards.

I've been working off and on doing further Mac-ification to my updated fork of MacLynx, the System 7-compatible port of the venerable text browser Lynx for classic 68K Macintoshes (and Power Macs) running A/UX 3.x or System 7.x and later. There's still more to do, but a lot has been worked in since I last dropped beta 4, so it's time for another save point. Meet MacLynx beta 5". Extraordinary work, and a great way to keep an old Mac connected to the web.

ART is the engine behind the Android operating system (OS). It provides the runtime and core APIs that all apps and most OS services rely on. Both Java and Kotlin are compiled down to bytecode executed by ART. Improvements in the runtime, compiler and core API benefit all developers making app execution faster and bytecode compilation more efficient. While parts of Android are customizable by device manufacturers, ART is the same for all devices and Google Play system updates enable a path to modular updates. Google's been working hard to make ART more modular, and untangling it from the rest of Android for easier updates. This has led to some drastic improvements in application startup times - ART 13 cut them by 30%, Google claims - and since ART updates hit every single Android device, there's no fragmentation. As for the future, ART 14 is on its way. In the coming months, we'll be releasing ART 14 to all compatible devices. ART 14 includes OpenJDK 17 support along with new compiler and runtime optimizations that improve performance while reducing code size. It's good to see that some Android improvements are not held back by Android's update woes.

Liam Dawe at GamingOnLinux looks back at the release of Valve's Proton, five years ago today. Proton just makes a lot of sense. It didn't take long for Valve to expand Proton to go initially from a few select Valve-approved titles, to being able to run anything we choose to try with it. From there, Linux gaming just seemingly exploded. And then eventually we saw why Valve made Proton with the Steam Deck announcement coming less than three years later in July 2021. Proton is one of the biggest things to happen to desktop Linux and PC gaming in general. It cannot be overstated just what it has done to the gaming market - people expect new games to just work on Linux now, and developers have to answer questions about it and promise support sooner rather than later. From big, defining titles like Elden Ring and Baldur's Gate 3, down to the countless small indie titles - Proton and thus Linux support for games has been normalised. PC gaming is no longer a Windows-only thing, and that benefits all of us.

You can now play with NVIDIA GeForce graphics card BIOS like it's 2013! Over the last decade, NVIDIA had effectively killed video BIOS modding by introducing BIOS signature checks. With GeForce 900-series Maxwell," the company added an on-die security processor on all its GPUs, codenamed Falcon," which among other things, prevents the GPU from booting with unauthorized firmware. OMGVflash by Veii; and NVflashk by Kefinator (forum names), are two independently developed new tools that let you flash almost any video BIOS onto almost any NVIDIA GeForce graphics card, bypassing unbreakable" barriers NVIDIA put in place, such as BIOS signature checks; and vendor/device checks (cross-flashing). vBIOS signature check bypass works up to RTX 20-series Turing" based GPUs, letting you modify the BIOS the way you want, while cross-flashing (sub-vendor ID check bypass) works even on the latest RTX 4090 Ada." No security is unbreakable. This will hopefully enable a lot of unlocking and safe performance boosts for artificially stunted cards.

As an undergraduate student in the early 1990s, I wrote all my class papers using WordPerfect for DOS. WordPerfect was a powerful desktop word processor that was used in offices all over the world. But WordPerfect was quite expensive; my student edition of WordPerfect cost around $300. When the new version of WordPerfect came out, I just couldn't afford to buy it. Fortunately, the shareware market was starting to take off around this time. Shareware" was a new model where software publishers released a program for free so you could try it out - usually for a limited time. If you liked it, you sent them a check and they mailed back a registered copy of the software. Shareware often had the same or similar features as the commercial software it aimed to displace, usually at a lower price. And that's how I discovered the Galaxy word processor. Galaxy had all the features that I needed in a desktop word processor, but at about one-third the price. The registration fee for Galaxy was $99. There's so many pieces of software that lost out in the market, and the further back in time we go, the more obscure these tend to get. I had never heard of Galaxy, but I'm glad someone took the time to write this article, ensuring - hopefully - it'll be saved from obscurity for a long time to come.

Budgie 10.8 is a brand new release series for Budgie Desktop, featuring improvements to Budgie Menu, adoption of StatusNotifier support in System Tray, Magpie v0.x support, and more! I'm quite happy Budgie is back on track after a few leaner years. Development has picked up, there's a clear roadmap, and it's fun to follow along with the changes and improvements.

This post is a detailed discussion into user profiles, their directories, and how they are-to put it bluntly-in total disarray on Windows and Linux (I haven't used a Mac in ages, but I assume the situation is very similar there, too). Applications treat the user profile as a dumping ground, and any user with a reasonably wide list of installed software will find their user profile very difficult to traverse after some time in use. There are platform conventions and attempts to standardise things on more open-source platforms, but a lot of developers resolutely refuse to change the behaviour of their software for a variety of reasons (some less valid than others). The first part is a deep dive into user profiles on Linux and Windows, and the conventions that have been established on these platforms over the years. The second section details how they are broken on each platform, and why they are broken. This happens to be one of my pet peeves" as well. One the left, my home directory. On the right, my home directory but with all the garbage unhidden. This is bananas. First, it's been my long-standing conviction that if you, as a developer, need to actively hide things from the user in this way, you're doing it wrong and and you're writing bad code. If you're an operating system developer, don't use hidden directories and files to hide stuff from the user - use clear directory names, encourage the use of human-readable file names and contents, and put them in places that make sense. Second, if you're an application developer, follow the damn guidelines of the operating system you're coding for. More often than not, these guidelines aren't that hard to understand, they're not onerous, and they're certainly not going to be worse than whatever nonsense you yourself can come up with. Having a hidden .paradoxlauncher directory in my home directory displays just such an utter disrespect for me as a user, and tells me that you just don't care, whether that's you, the developer, personally, or whatever manager is instructing you to do the wrong thing. At the same time, aside from excessive symlinking, there's really no solution to any of this. As users, we just have to deal with the results of incompetence and ridiculous crunch culture in software and game development.