Predatory publishers: the journals that churn out fake science

A Guardian investigation, in collaboration with German broadcaster Norddeutscher Rundfunk, reveals the open-access publishers who accept any article submitted for a fee

A vast ecosystem of predatory publishers is churning out "fake science" for profit, an investigation by the Guardian in collaboration with German publishers NDR, WDR and Si1/4ddeutsche Zeitung Magazin has found.

More than 175,000 scientific articles have been produced by five of the largest "predatory open-access publishers", including India-based Omics publishing group and the Turkish World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, or Waset.