Russia May Use Cryptocurrencies To Evade US Sanctions

"The availability of non-bank financial trading in cryptocurrency may allow Russia to avoid the worst of the sanctions coming after their invasion of Ukraine this week," writes Slashdot reader 14erCleaner, sharing a non-paywalled link to the New York Times article. From the report: On Tuesday, the Biden administration enacted fresh sanctions on Russia over the conflict in Ukraine, aiming to thwart its access to foreign capital. But Russian entities are preparing to blunt some of the worst effects by making deals with anyone around the world willing to work with them, experts said. And, they say, those entities can then use digital currencies to bypass the control points that governments rely on -- mainly transfers of money by banks -- to block deal execution. Sanctions are some of the most powerful tools the United States and European countries have to influence the behavior of nations they don't consider allies. The United States in particular is able to use sanctions as a diplomatic tool because the dollar is the world's reserve currency and used in payments worldwide. But American government officials are increasingly aware of the potential for cryptocurrencies to lessen the impact of sanctions and are stepping up their scrutiny of digital assets. Banks have to abide by "know your customer" rules, which include verifying their clients' identities. But exchanges and other platforms that facilitate the buying and selling of cryptocurrencies and digital assets are rarely as good at tracking their customers as banks are, even though they are supposed to follow the same rules. [...] Should it choose to evade sanctions, Russia has multiple cryptocurrency-related tools at its disposal, experts said. All it needs is to find ways to trade without touching the dollar. The Russian government is developing its own central bank digital currency, a so-called digital ruble that it hopes to use to trade directly with other countries willing to accept it without first converting it into dollars. Hacking techniques like ransomware could help Russian actors steal digital currencies and make up revenue lost to sanctions. And while cryptocurrency transactions are recorded on the underlying blockchain, making them transparent, new tools developed in Russia can help mask the origin of such transactions. That would allow businesses to trade with Russian entities without detection. In October 2020, representatives of Russia's central bank told a Moscow newspaper that the new "digital ruble" would make the country less dependent on the United States and better able to resist sanctions. It would let Russian entities conduct transactions outside the international banking system with any country willing to trade in digital currency. Russia could find willing partners in other nations targeted by U.S. sanctions, including Iran, that are also developing government-backed digital currencies. China, Russia's largest trading partner in both imports and exports according to the World Bank, has already launched its own central bank digital currency. The country's leader, Xi Jinping, recently described China's relationship with Russia as having "no limits."

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