To understand Britain’s malaise, visit Shildon – the town that refused to die | Aditya Chakrabortty

People will blame Brexit, Boris and austerity, but this country's demise goes back decades - and shows no signs of stopping

In 1951, the county of Durham condemned 114 villages to a slow death. The older, smaller coalmines were approaching exhaustion, which meant, officials said, many of the rows of houses which grew up around the pitheads have outlived their usefulness". These rows of houses" were homes to 100,000 adults and children. Now they were designated Category D.

D for de-industrial. D for demolish. D for decline.

Families living there would receive no more investment: neither electric lights nor doctors' surgeries. Before their homes were torn down, they were expected to move out or die out.

Many refused to do either. This weekend, I visited some hamlets just outside the town of Shildon, in south-west Durham. About seven decades after the order for their execution, rows of small houses were still standing. Some were boarded up; others had cars parked neatly outside. On this afternoon of bright sun and biting wind, men stood like sentinels outside their front doors and kids growled by on dirt bikes. Eldon, Coundon Grange, Coronation: these former pit communities were half-populated, half alive. It was eerie and melancholy, but it was not death.

If Durham's category-D villages are remembered today, it is as historical curiosities, summoned up by black and white footage and oral testimony. Yet these settlements without a future offered a foretaste of perhaps the central political issue of our time: how do people live when money has discarded them?

Aditya Chakrabortty is a Guardian columnist