Brain implants to treat epilepsy, arthritis, or even incontinence? They may be closer than you think

Startups around the world are engaging in clinical trials in a sector that could change lives - and be worth more than 15bn by the 2030s

Oran Knowlson, a British teenager with a severe type of epilepsy called Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, became the first person in the world to trial a new brain implant last October, with phenomenal results - his daytime seizures were reduced by 80%.

It's had a huge impact on his life and has prevented him from having the falls and injuring himself that he was having before," says Martin Tisdall, a consultant paediatric neurosurgeon at Great Ormond Street Hospital (Gosh) in London, who implanted the device. His mother was talking about how he's had such a improvement in his quality of life, but also in his cognition: he's more alert and more engaged."