Mexicali reports first Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever deaths of the year
A 40-year-old woman and a 10-year-old girl are the first fatalities due to Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) this year in the Baja California capital of Mexicali in 2015, according to a Mexican news source (computer translated).
Characteristic spotted rash of Rocky Mountain spotted fever/CDC
Nestor Hernandez Milan, head of the Department of Epidemiology for the Ministry of Health of Baja California said the deaths occurred in the first and second week of February. Both patients had
pets at home and ticks on the property.
In addition, health officials say both patients were treated in private clinics and received the appropriate treatment.
To date, there have been 17 cases of rickettsiosis in Mexicali so far in 2015.
RMSF is a tick borne disease caused by the organism, Rickettsia rickettsii. Typically, the progress of the disease is a sudden onset of high fever, deep muscle pain, severe headache and chills. A rash usually appears on the extremities within 5 days then soon spreads to palms and soles and then rapidly to the trunk.
Fatalities can be seen in greater than 20% of untreated cases. Death is uncommon with prompt recognition and treatment. Still approximately 3-5% of cases seen in the U.S. are fatal. The absence or delayed appearance of the typical rash or the failure to recognize it, especially in dark-skinned people cause a delay in diagnosis and increased fatalities.
Early stages of RMSF can be confused with erlichiosis, meningococcal meningitis and enteroviral infection.
Related: Tickborne diseases: It's not just Lyme disease
The organism is maintained in nature in ticks. It can be transmitted to dogs and other mammals, but most times these cases cause little illness. People usually get infected from an infected tick bite. The tickrequires from several hours to 24 hours of attachment and feeding to become infectious to people. So prompt removal of the tick can prevent infection. It is not transmitted person to person.
RMSF can be diagnosed in the laboratory using serological techniques, PCR or culture; however because of the necessity of prompt treatment, diagnosis is based on symptoms. There is no vaccine available for RMSF. It can be treated with tetracyclines either orally or intravenously.
Prevention is through immediate removal of ticks, wearing clothes that cover skin and removing ticks from dogs. For more infectious disease news and information, visit and "like" the Infectious Disease News Facebook page