Putin may ramp up his war in Ukraine – here’s how Nato should respond | Ivo Daalder

It is vital Moscow understands that escalation will not be risk-free, and expects a proportionate response

Nato leaders are meeting for an emergency summit in Brussels today to address the war in Ukraine. While there, they must discuss and agree on how to respond in the event of further escalation from Russia. In the best case, clarifying Nato's response to further escalation will deter Vladimir Putin from taking that step. At the very least, it will prepare the allies for what may follow.

Having failed to quickly oust the elected government in Kyiv, Putin now faces a choice between negotiating an end to the war, or escalating further. While talks are ongoing, Putin himself has given no indication that he'll settle for anything less than Ukraine's complete subjugation. Two weeks ago, CIA director William Burns told Congress that the Russian leader is likely to double down". He will try to grind down the Ukrainian military with no regard for civilian casualties".

Ivo Daalder is the president of the Chicago Council on Global Affairs. He served as US ambassador to Nato between 2009 and 2013