Probably should have done this first...

So long story short, I got a chromebook for last christmas from my dad. ever since i was a kid i was involved in computers cuz my dad was a software engineer at diebold. he was always bringing spare parts home and we built a frankenstein tower and i learned much of what i know from him. so fastforward to today ive only ever used windows (cant stand anything made by apple) and so this chrome os is something new, i had very barely touched linux before because i had the full windows all the time. so now that im using a chrome book i decided to jump straight into unlocking its full potential. which im having a really hard time with. i cant remember anything from way back then lol im having to reteach myself everything about programming and the terminal (which of course was always command promt) using apps is cool and all but i cant seem to find a use for a computer that doesnt use .exe files, so thats where i started with linux only it seems like chrome os has updated enough times that sudo didnt wanna work, apt-get doesnt work, and wget doesnt work and holy shit thats the basis for everything i can think to do. so finally i did what i shoulda done in the first place and have now turned for help
please help me lol
is there like a class online i can take that would teach me all of this terminal commands? where is the best place to start for learning how to use linux properly? hopefully thats not too broad of a stroke.
Thanks in advance for reading this far. lol
Sean Evans aka bonezz766