Thanks to Machine Learning, Scientist Finally Recover Text From The Charred Scrolls of Vesuvius

The great libraries of the ancient classical world are "legendary... said to have contained stacks of texts," writes ScienceAlert. But from Rome to Constantinople, Athens to Alexandria, only one collection survived to the present day. And here in 2024, "we can now start reading its contents."A worldwide competition to decipher the charred texts of the Villa of Papyri - an ancient Roman mansion destroyed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius - has revealed a timeless infatuation with the pleasures of music, the color purple, and, of course, the zingy taste of capers. The so-called Vesuvius challenge was launched a few years ago by computer scientist Brent Seales at the University of Kentucky with support from Silicon Valley investors. The ongoing 'master plan' is to build on Seales' previous work and read all 1,800 or so charred papyri from the ancient Roman library, starting with scrolls labeled 1 to 4. In 2023, the annual gold prize was awarded to a team of three students, who recovered four passages containing 140 characters - the longest extractions yet. The winners are Youssef Nader, Luke Farritor, and Julian Schilliger. "After 275 years, the ancient puzzle of the Herculaneum Papyri has been solved," reads the Vesuvius Challenge Scroll Prize website. "But the quest to uncover the secrets of the scrolls is just beginning...." Only now, with the advent of X-ray tomography and machine learning, can their inky words be pulled from the darkness of carbon. A few months ago students deciphered a single word - "purple," according to the article. But "That winning code was then made available for all competitors to build upon."Within three months, passages in Latin and Greek were blooming from the blackness, almost as if by magic. The team with the most readable submission at the end of 2023 included both previous finders of the word 'purple'. Their unfurling of scroll 1 is truly impressive and includes more than 11 columns of text. Experts are now rushing to translate what has been found. So far, about 5 percent of the scroll has been unrolled and read to date. It is not a duplicate of past work, scholars of the Vesuvius Challenge say, but a "never-before-seen text from antiquity." One line reads: "In the case of food, we do not right away believe things that are scarce to be absolutely more pleasant than those which are abundant." Thanks to davidone (Slashdot reader #12,252) for sharing the article.

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