What are cancer vaccines and have scientists finally found a cure?

The NHS in England is recruiting for the first large-scale trial of its kind, with hopes high that the personalised jabs could be a gamechanger

• NHS patients in England to be offered trials for world-first cancer vaccine

Cancer vaccines are a form of immunotherapy. Unlike vaccines that protect from an infection, such as the Covid-19 jab, cancer vaccines treat people who already have the disease. They are designed to help the patient's immune system recognise and then kill cancer cells - and prevent them from coming back.