Science | The Guardian

When Justin and Rachel Yerbury met, they had no idea that he would become a world-leading scientist – studying a disease that would lead to his own tragic decline

An effective treatment for a whole raft of diseases, from irritable bowel syndrome to arthritis and even Alzheimer’s, comes from the most unlikely of sources – human poo. James Kinross explains the role gut biomes play in our healthAs a nation, we British are obsessed with our gut function, largely because it has never been unhealthier. I spend large parts of my working day talking to patients about their bowel habits, and many of them want to talk about little else. There is also a deeper, more fundamental fascination with the digestive system; the colon is a national source of comedy that has kept us going through every crisis since the beginning of time.“Shit” is a crucial and ubiquitous word that serves as a noun, a verb and an adjective, propping up the entire English language. This wondrous word is both a profanity and a term used to denote an item of high quality, and it is liberally sprinkled into the daily chatter of our lives. Continue reading...

The supplement has gained popularity but physicians and dietitians caution long-term effects are unclearWhen Savannah Crosby started posting videos on TikTok about using berberine, a dietary supplement, for weight loss, she had about 500 followers.About two months later, Crosby now has more than 21,000. Continue reading...

I coped with kids and a busy career, so why was I suddenly overwhelmed?Have you found out about your windows of tolerance yet: those moments when you feel fully capable of handling any stress life throws at you? Our tolerance shrinks and expands to suit our needs, but these “windows of tolerance” are a funny thing for women, as I have just discovered, because they unexpectedly disappear when we hit midlife. Sometimes they’re just tiny cracks in the glass and yet you feel you can’t tolerate any stress ever again. It’s a contrary conundrum, as you’d expect life experience and maturity would increase your ability to cope, wouldn’t you?However, for an army of midlife women the turmoil of this life stage often inexplicably whips away our ability to deal with difficult situations overnight, from the simplest family problems to the biggest career dilemmas. Any amount of stress seems to overwhelm us. I know this not just because I am a woman in my 50s and I’ve been through it, but because I have interviewed many women over the past four years in my role as co-host of the Postcards from Midlife podcast and author of What’s Wrong With me? 101 Things Midlife Women Need to Know. Continue reading...

The former football enforcer and pundit is a changed man since learning of a girl’s harrowing torment caused by a genetic disorder“I’m struggling right now,” Graeme Souness says quietly, his eyes swimming while he tries to hold back the tears as he thinks of Isla Grist, a 14-year-old girl from Inverness, and the stoicism she shows amid almost unbearable suffering. Isla has epidermolysis bullosa (EB), a rare genetic disorder which blisters half the skin covering her body. It does the same damage beneath the skin, tearing and ulcerating the insides of Isla so that there is never any respite from her pain.I tell Souness that, before we began talking, I had been shown a few photographs of Isla’s legs. This was not done in a sensationalist or prurient way, but to help me understand what EB does to children such as Isla. Souness’s gaze glistens with distress when I say these images of devastation show skin that looks as if it has been burned. Continue reading...

We’ve come a long way since buying tickets for public hangings but our blood lust is never far below the surfaceLast week, I went to Gloucestershire to watch the annual cheese rolling, an event at which people hurl themselves down a very steep hill after a wheel of double gloucester. This silly-sounding tradition began perhaps 600 years ago – a sort of Alton Towers for the 15th century – and now tends to be described in news reports as “quirky”, “quintessentially English”, or a day for “cheese lovers”. I went along expecting the atmosphere of a village fete: stalls, cheese themes, and half-interested spectators wandering about. I couldn’t have been more wrong.What greeted us instead was a baying mob spread across six fields, a worked-up football crowd dropped into the Cotswolds. Grass all around was churned into mud, and before each race there was a full-throated chant you could hear three hamlets away. Nearest the action was a desperate struggle between neighbours to get closer still: perhaps 200 people had swarmed the steep woods on either side, clinging to branches, tramping through nettles, determinedly pushing past each other for a better view. What were they there to see? You realised straight away. They were there to see broken legs and arms. Continue reading...

The role of industrial farming in wrecking the climate and biodiversity has been given woefully limited attentionWhy wasn’t the science followed during Covid-19 (Editorial)? For the same reason we aren’t following the science to tackle the existential crises we are facing – short-term economic and political considerations. We are literally destroying our home, yet industrial farming – a leading driver of both climate and biodiversity crises – is being ignored.We’ve had flailing attempts to address these challenges, with a timid attempt at reforming farming subsidies, a disowned national food strategy, and trade agreements that are willing to sell out our own farmers for low-welfare, climate-wrecking imports. At international summits, the role of industrial farming in the climate crisis has been given woefully limited attention. Continue reading...

Changes in our lifestyles, from diet to washing habits, and in the world surrounding us, may explain why so many are strugglingThe Met Office offers a daily pollen guide, in tones not unlike the storm warning of the shipping forecast: poetic for those not affected, alarming if you are facing a force 8. Saturday’s reads: “The grass pollen risk is on the rise, as more grasses come into flower. Nettle, dock and plantain pollen also airborne. Fungal spores: Cladosporium at increasing risk.”As someone who grew up sneezing and wheezing through the early summer (and who remembers the Russian roulette of fruitcake-eating with a nut allergy in the years before EpiPens), I have mixed feelings about that information. Continue reading...

Vaccine plans devised during Covid crisis have been systematically dismantled by ministers, says former head of vaccine taskforceMinisters have “systematically dismantled” critical vaccine plans drawn up during the Covid crisis and left the country recklessly exposed to another pandemic, one of the most senior figures shaping Britain’s scientific response to the virus has warned.In a damning verdict that comes just days before the official Covid inquiry starts publicly examining Britain’s preparedness for pandemics, Dr Clive Dix, the former chairman of the UK’s vaccine taskforce, said the abandonment of schemes developed during Covid now left Britain “fraught with danger”. Continue reading...

Experts in UFO lore suggest the assertions should be taken with a grain of salt and demand to see evidence of the non-human craftsSome prominent experts have expressed growing skepticism over whether the US is harboring UFOs, as the government whistleblower who made the extraordinary claims has gone on to suggest the US had also recovered alien bodies.David Grusch, a former intelligence official who led analysis of unexplained anomalous phenomena (UAP) within a US Department of Defense agency, caused headlines around the world with his assertion that the US had been collecting non-human craft for “decades”. Continue reading...

Scientists call for major clinical trial after lifespans of mice extended by boosting levels of micronutrientScientists have called for a major clinical trial of a substance added to many energy drinks after studies in animals showed that supplementation may slow the ageing process and promote healthier lives.Researchers found that levels of the micronutrient taurine fell substantially with age, but that topping them up to more youthful levels boosted the health of mice and monkeys and even extended the lifespans of mice. Continue reading...

Ministers looking for an easy answer are pinning their hopes on appetite suppressants like Wegovy. But it’s not as simple as thatIt’s over three years now since a visibly chastened Boris Johnson emerged from his near-fatal brush with Covid to declare that he had seen the light.He had, he said candidly, been “way overweight” when he got the virus and only now did he understand how vulnerable that had made him; so now he stood before us a changed man. There would be no more scoffing at Jamie Oliver, no more chuntering about nanny statism; instead, he promised not just a ban on junk food advertising or (yet another) national obesity strategy, but what looked positively like a national crusade, led by a prime minister who’d had his own battles with cheese and chorizo and wasn’t going to judge anyone else for raiding the fridge late at night. Continue reading...

Models analysing a player’s broader contribution to team success show the clear winner, says Ian GrahamThe rivalry between Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo has riveted football pundits and primary schoolchildren alike, fuelling endless debates over who is the greatest player of modern times – or ever.The forwards are almost neck and neck on goals scored, Ballon d’Or and Golden Shoe awards, but according to Dr Ian Graham, the outgoing director of research at Liverpool FC, a deeper look at the data reveals a clearcut winner. Continue reading...

Scientists find people with symptoms of insomnia have 16% increased risk of developing conditionScientists in the US have found people with one or more self-reported symptoms of insomnia have a 16% increased risk of developing the serious medical condition, compared with those without symptoms.They said the link was stronger in participants under 50, where those with five to eight symptoms had nearly four times the risk of having a stroke. Continue reading...

Scientists say world is burning through ‘carbon budget’ that can be emitted while staying below 1.5CGreenhouse gas emissions have reached an all-time high, threatening to push the world into “unprecedented” levels of global heating, scientists have warned.The world is rapidly running out of “carbon budget”, the amount of carbon dioxide that can be poured into the atmosphere if we are to stay within the vital threshold of 1.5C above pre-industrial temperatures, according to a study published in the journal Earth System Science Data on Thursday. Continue reading...

Last week, Nasa held the first public meeting of a panel established to investigate sightings of UFOs. It came just before a whistleblower former intelligence official told the Debrief that the US government had ‘intact and partially intact’ craft of non-human origin. Ian Sample talks to Prof David Spergel, the independent chair of Nasa’s panel, about why this is happening now, what they hope to find and why there is so much stigma attached to this fieldClips: News Nation, Nasa, 8 News Now, CBS New York, CNBC, CNN, To the Stars Academy of Arts and ScienceRead Adam Gabbatt’s reporting on the latest UFO claims here. Continue reading...

UK data watchdog says science of monitoring brain and nervous system is expanding fast but holds ‘real danger’ of discriminationMind-reading technologies pose a “real danger” of discrimination and bias, the Information Commissioner’s Office has warned, as it develops specific guidance for companies working in the sci-fi field of neurodata.The use of technology to monitor information coming directly from the brain and nervous system “will become widespread over the next decade”, the ICO said, as it moves from a highly regulated medical advancement to a more general purpose technology. It is already being explored for potential applications in personal wellbeing, sport and marketing, and even for workplace monitoring. Continue reading...

Some patients’ health-related life quality scores worse than those of people with stage 4 lung cancerMany people with long Covid have a lower health-related quality of life than people with some advanced cancers, research suggests.Fatigue is the symptom with the greatest impact on the daily lives of long Covid patients, according to a study led by researchers at University College London (UCL) and the University of Exeter. They found that many were seriously ill and had fatigue scores worse than or similar to people with cancer-related anaemia or severe kidney disease. Continue reading...

Reptile had been in captivity for 16 years when zookeepers discovered eggs, journal reportsScientists have recorded the first known case of a “virgin birth” in a female crocodile that had no contact with males for about 16 years.The reptile was able to produce a fully formed foetus that was 99.9% genetically identical to her. Continue reading...

AI-based analysis suggests the north starts at Watford Gap, where avocado wraps give way to sausage rolls, and includes BirminghamThe precise location of the north-south of England divide is a fraught question that has been debated for centuries, drawing on factors ranging from economic prosperity and political views to the pronunciation of the word “scone”. Now, scientists have entered the fray, proposing an objective, machine learning-based analysis of the distribution of Pret a Manger and Greggs shops across England.The AI-based approach places the critical dividing line at which avocado wraps give way to sausage rolls close to the M1 Watford Gap services and concludes that Birmingham, Coventry and Leicester, which often fall into a disputed grey area, should be considered “northern”. Continue reading...

An agoraphobic downloads an app that promises to turn his life around – but things begin to get sinister when it takes over his social interactionsThis disturbingly real-looking artificial intelligence sci-fi was made a couple of years ago on what looks like a budget of small change tipped out of the film-makers’ coin jars. It’s getting a release now presumably on account of AI anxiety creeping up the league table of things that keep people awake at night. Like the Nosedive episode of Charlie Brooker’s Black Mirror, the premise here is that in an apparently-near future people wear contact lenses that feed them information about the world. (Actually, the film is an extended version of a short made by its directors Daniel Lazo and Eran May-Raz back in 2012.)Andrew Riddell plays Patrick, who like everyone else wears dazzling blue contact lenses that fill the air around him with holograms. Patrick is an agoraphobic who hasn’t left his apartment for over a month; he spends his time playing computer games, going hammer and tongs with 3D zombies. Saviour comes in the form of an app, Refresh, that promises to turn Patrick’s life around. And it delivers, starting with a spring clean of his apartment. The app turns dull chores into computer games; picking laundry off the floor becomes a basketball game – slam dunk the shirt into the basket, and so get a little dopamine hit. Refresh chooses Patrick a new wardrobe of clothes (ordered to arrive by drone in 30 minutes). Things begin to get sinister when it feeds him lines to speak in social interactions, like making small talk with a barber. Continue reading...

Metre-long piece of timber was found in trench dug for workshop at property in Boxford, BerkshireIt could easily have gone on to the bonfire or into the skip. But Derek Fawcett decided to take a closer look at the blackened, waterlogged piece of wood found at the bottom of a trench dug for foundations for a new workshop.It turned out to be the oldest carved piece of wood to be discovered in Britain, dating back more than 6,000 years. The markings on the wood were made by the people of the late Mesolithic era, 2,000 years before Stonehenge was built and 4,500 years before the Romans came to Britain. Continue reading...

Behaviour predates humans by tens of millions of years but evolutionary purpose is less clear, scientists sayEvolutionary biologists have traced the origins of masturbation to ancient primates that predate the first humans by tens of millions of years.The findings emerged from what scientists believe is the largest dataset ever compiled on the activity, and confirm that humans arose on a branch of the tree of life replete with self-pleasuring predecessors. Continue reading...

Less regulation of weight-loss drug would make Wegovy accessible to more peopleMinisters are launching a £40m pilot scheme to trial wider access to the controversial slimming jab Wegovy, to examine how people could receive the drug outside hospitals.Under current advice from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence drugs regulator, Wegovy is only given via specialist weight management services, usually based in hospitals. Continue reading...

Whistleblower former intelligence official says government possesses ‘intact and partially intact’ craft of non-human originThe US has been urged to disclose evidence of UFOs after a whistleblower former intelligence official said the government has possession of “intact and partially intact” alien vehicles.The former intelligence official David Grusch, who led analysis of unexplained anomalous phenomena (UAP) within a US Department of Defense agency, has alleged that the US has craft of non-human origin. Continue reading...

Three studies add weight to growing evidence that physical activity can help patients who have the diseaseWalking for 30 minutes a day and practising yoga can help reduce fatigue in cancer patients and cut the risk of the disease spreading, coming back or resulting in death, research suggests.Globally, more than 18 million people develop cancer every year. It is well known that being inactive raises your risk of various forms of the disease. Continue reading...

Ambition doesn’t exist outside cultural forces that shape it. Could we reframe it for the collective good?In the first few months of the pandemic, when my physical and mental health seemed to be deteriorating faster than I could patchwork fixes for them, I wrote in my journal. “I feel emptied out, like when I shake a tote and gum wrappers and two nickels and half-finished chapstick fall out,” I scrawled in sloppy cursive I can barely make out now. “I am my own life’s leftovers.”While the circumstances of a deadly pandemic exacerbated it, the feeling that I had nothing left to give had trailed me for awhile, showing up as I worked from the bathroom floor when my body felt as if it was giving way, or when I spent too much time awake at night, wondering what felt worth it any more. Continue reading...

Narrow 11,000-metre shaft will reach the Earth’s crust to study internal structures as China seeks to explore new frontiersChina has begun digging its deepest borehole in an effort to study areas of the planet deep beneath the surface.The drilling of the borehole began on Tuesday in a desert in the Tarim basin in China’s north-western region of Xinjiang, according to the Chinese state-run Xinhua news agency. With a planned depth of 11,100 metres, the narrow shaft will penetrate more than 10 continental strata and reach the cretaceous system in the Earth’s crust – a series of stratified rocks dating back 145m years. Continue reading...

Leading scientists write to PM amid campaign against expansion of clean air zone in LondonWorld-leading air pollution scientists have called on Rishi Sunak to distance himself from Conservative colleagues who are dismissing the facts on the serious health risks of toxic air.In a letter, Prof Frank Kelly and 35 other prominent air pollution scientists call on the prime minister to tell his colleagues not to endorse “merchants of doubt” who “undermine the factual and truth foundations of life.” Continue reading...

Ian Sample talks to Dr Rachel Clarke about her experience working in palliative care in the NHS and now with hospices in Ukraine. She tells him what dying can teach the living, what we can learn from the Covid pandemic, and reveals the anguish and defiance of trying to provide a dignified death in the midst of warClips: BBC, Al Jazeera Continue reading...

Submissions at Folbigg’s trial were based in misogynistic stereotypes and had no rational relationship with a charge of murder

Book based on May 2022 review ‘did lockdowns work?’ examines whether legally enforced interventions prevented deathsThe overwhelming majority of academic studies have one chance to make a splash. Once that moment has passed – which tends to be when the paper is published – the spotlight moves on in the relentless search for new material.But not all studies adhere to that trend. Some return time after time. And it must come as no surprise that this happens most with reports that tackle questions of global importance, or that reach controversial conclusions, or manage to achieve both at once. As the Covid inquiry opens, the value of lockdowns is about as important as questions can get. Continue reading...

Oncologists sound alarm over risk of healthcare systems buckling due to rising need for specific careThe world must urgently prepare for a global “tsunami” of millions of older cancer patients or risk healthcare systems being unable to cope, leading doctors have warned.With life expectancy increasing and a rapidly soaring population of older people, a looming increase in elderly patients with cancer was now a “serious public health concern”, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) said in a report. Cancer centres must prepare for “the silver oncologic tsunami”, the experts added. Continue reading...

Move into separate rooms can mark a new beginning as couple are well rested and happier, claims expertSleeping in separate rooms due to a snoring partner could improve people’s relationships rather than marking the end, a leading sleep scientist has said.Couples moving into separate rooms can enter the “beginning of a new relationship”, where they are well rested and, ideally, happier, according to Russell Foster, a professor of circadian neuroscience at the University of Oxford and director of the Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology. Continue reading...

Therapy slows multiple myeloma in patients who have stopped responding to other treatments, say researchersA revolutionary blood cancer treatment that genetically modifies patient cells to fight the disease cuts the risk of it progressing by 74%, a world-first clinical trial has found.The therapy, ciltacabtagene autoleucel, “significantly slows or stops progression” of multiple myeloma in patients who have stopped responding to other treatments, according to the study. The results were presented in Chicago at the American Society of Clinical Oncology’s (Asco) annual meeting, the world’s largest cancer conference. Continue reading...

It has been said to kill E coli, reduce cholesterol, lower blood sugar and aid weight loss. But not all health experts are convinced of its powersFeeling peckish one day in 2017, Darshna Yagnik, an immunologist and lecturer in biomedical science at Middlesex University, took a punt on something that had been lurking at the back of the fridge. She soon regretted it and started feeling queasy. Desperate to avoid food poisoning, she racked her brains for something that might help – and remembered the bottle of apple cider vinegar (ACV) in the cupboard. She decided to glug a diluted shot. “Immediately, I felt like there was something going on, combating the bacteria,” she says. “My stomach was gurgling and after about 10 minutes it started feeling soothed. After about half an hour or an hour, I felt much better.”At that moment, she realised she was using her own body for research. “I was thinking: what is going on with this apple cider vinegar? This is possibly having an effect on E coli. Let me test it in the laboratory.” She went on to do “a multitude of experiments” throughout the pandemic, resulting in a 2021 paper demonstrating that ACV kills E coli and MRSA in petri dishes almost as effectively as common antibiotics. However, it is not clear how this would translate to the human body. Continue reading...

Moon and planet will climb into the sky in early hours of 10 June until dawn washes Saturn from viewThose awake in the early hours of 10 June can see the last-quarter moon close to the planet Saturn.The chart shows the view looking south-east from London at 3am BST. Having cleared the eastern horizon at about 2am, the planet and the moon will continue to climb into the sky until the dawn light washes Saturn from view about an hour and a half later. Continue reading...

Doctors found some patients could rely on chemotherapy and surgery alone to treat the diseaseThousands of bowel cancer patients could be spared radiotherapy, a study suggests, after doctors discovered they could rely on chemotherapy and surgery alone to treat their disease.Radiotherapy has been used to treat bowel cancer patients for decades, but the side-effects can be brutal. It can cause problems that negatively affect quality of life, including infertility, the need for a temporary colostomy, diarrhoea, cramping and bladder problems. Continue reading...

Irish author Naoise Dolan on taking refuge in the German capitalI’ve lived in Berlin for nine months now and I have stopped thinking of myself as “learning German”. Instead I hunt daily for German I still don’t know. I enter new words into a flashcard app on my phone and slowly the proportion of German-yet-unknown-to-me diminishes. If I happen to emerge from this process a Germanophone, well and good. But I have never achieved anything by obsessing over a long-term goal; I need to be having fun in the here-and-now to see any sustained project to completion. All the same, I’m easily amused. My flashcard app delights me.I moved here last summer from London, where I had essentially lost my mind. (This rationale doesn’t go well in small talk, so I tend to claim instead that I wanted a change of scene.) Continue reading...

Taking the drug osimertinib once a day after surgery reduces chance of patients dying by 51%, trials showA pill taken once a day cuts the risk of dying from lung cancer by half, according to “thrilling” and “unprecedented” results from a decade-long global study.Taking the drug osimertinib after surgery dramatically reduced the risk of patients dying by 51%, results presented at the world’s largest cancer conference showed. Continue reading...

Quick and simple tests in GP surgeries could detect cancer of the oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, colon or liverSimply blowing into a bag at a GP’s surgery could show that a patient has cancer. That is the aim of an ambitious new project that is going through its final clinical trials in the UK. If successful, cancer breath tests could be used in a few years in order to pinpoint a range of tumours in the early stages of their development.The technique is primarily aimed at detecting cancers of the gut, including those of the oesophagus, stomach, pancreas and colon, but could also be used to pinpoint cases of liver cancer. In total, these tumours formed more than 20% of all cancer cases in the world, said the project’s leader, Prof George Hanna of Imperial College London. “We have been working on this technique for more than 15 years and have now reached the stage where we are going through final clinical trials,” he told the Observer. Continue reading...

The recent arrest of a number of high-profile scientists has led the scientific community to fear they are being targeted by the KremlinAs Russia’s war in Ukraine has grown into an existential conflict for the Kremlin over the past 15 months, its search for internal enemies has intensified, with a sharp rise in treason cases that experts have equated to a “spymania”.While many of the treason cases focus on those allegedly fighting for or aiding Ukraine, others have burrowed into seemingly loyal state institutions, such as the scientific research centres that helped research the very weaponry that Russia is using to strike Ukraine. Continue reading...

Since the pandemic there has been a steep rise in cases of ADHD among children. Here, experts discuss why, parents describe their struggles and campaigners say what needs to changeAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that is shrouded in misunderstanding, uncertainty and controversy. There is, for example, no definitive agreement on how many people have the condition. In the UK, one survey has put the incident rate in childhood (five to 15 years old) at just over 2% (3.62% of boys and 0.85% of girls). ADHD support groups cite figures of 5%. One UK study found 11% with symptoms but 6.7% with disorder and impairment.Even the name can be misleading. “We don’t have a deficit of attention,” says Henry Shelford, co-founder of ADHD UK, a charity aimed at raising awareness of the disorder. “It’s a lack of control of attention. And people with predominant hyperactivity make up our smallest cohort.” Continue reading...

Role of eat out to help out scheme in increased cases and Treasury hostility to scientific advice may come under spotlightAt the start of a Tory leadership debate hosted by the Sun last July, Rishi Sunak made a series of statements which, 10 months on, all ring equally hollow.Facing Liz Truss – the contest’s eventual winner – Sunak was at pains to acknowledge that Sun readers were struggling with the cost of living. But he also wanted to temper his concern for them with optimism about Britain’s prospects. Continue reading...

Leading scientist attacks prime minister as criticism mounts of government approach to science during the crisisRishi Sunak is facing a barrage of criticism in the run-up to the official Covid-19 inquiry as a leading scientist attacks his “spectacularly stupid” Eat Out to Help Out scheme, which is believed to have caused a sudden rise in cases of the virus.The prime minister’s role as chancellor during the pandemic is under increasing scrutiny – as is that of his predecessor at No 10, Boris Johnson – in an escalating Covid blame game at Westminster as Lady Hallett prepares to open her investigation into the government’s pandemic response later this month. Continue reading...

The lessons to be learned from the government’s mistakes in handling of the coronavirus are crucial. We need all the factsIf one clear lesson is to be taken from our response to the arrival of Covid-19 three years ago, it is an appreciation of the highly effective role played by scientists in fighting the pandemic. Within weeks of the Sars-CoV-2 virus emerging, researchers had sequenced every one of its genes and had pinpointed the cells through which Covid-19 enters the body. By the end of the year, they had used that knowledge to create a safe, tested vaccine that played a crucial role in ending the pandemic. More than 7 million people across the planet have died of Covid-19 but the death toll would have been far higher had researchers not acted with such speed and potency.Yet it is also becoming clear that on many occasions scientists were not listened to by national leaders. Economics and short-term political considerations were often given greater priority than scientific concerns. These resulted in failures to limit the spread of Covid-19. It is for this reason that the UK inquiry into the nation’s pandemic response, chaired by Heather Hallett, should be followed with rigorous attention. Continue reading...

The revolutionary treatment has been shown to significantly shrink tumours in almost half of patients with the diseaseThousands of women with ovarian cancer could benefit from a revolutionary drug combination after it was shown to significantly shrink tumours in almost half of patients with the disease.The new treatment blocks tumour growth, helping keep the disease at bay for years. Experts said the “fantastic” and “very exciting” results from clinical trials of the drug combination, presented at the world’s largest cancer conference this weekend, showed it was “far more effective” than any available option for patients. Continue reading...

The Human Cell Atlas is already helping to ensure safer pregnancies, and scientists believe it will help them understand many other conditionsIt provides oxygen and nutrients for a growing baby, removes waste products as they build up in its blood, and protects the life of the foetus. Yet the placenta, the temporary organ that cherishes the unborn, is a puzzle. It carries the DNA of the newly formed child but manages to elude immune responses from its genetically distinct mother.Understanding how the placenta survives and functions is of critical importance in ensuring pregnancies are healthy and viable – and thanks to a remarkable global project, the Human Cell Atlas (HCA), researchers are now uncovering the secrets of its behaviour. Continue reading...

The emerging technology is causing pratfalls all over – not least tech bosses begging for someone to regulate themThis story begins on 27 August 2019, when Roberto Mata was a passenger on an Avianca flight 670 from El Salvador to New York and a metal food and drink trolley allegedly injured his knee. As is the American way, Mata duly sued Avianca and the airline responded by asking that the case be dismissed because “the statute of limitations had expired”. Mata’s lawyers argued on 25 April that the lawsuit should be continued and appending a list of over half a dozen previous court cases that apparently set precedents supporting their argument.Avianca’s lawyers and Judge P Kevin Castel then dutifully embarked on an examination of these “precedents”, only to find that none of the decisions or the legal quotations cited and summarised in the brief existed. Continue reading...

Nice approves mavacamten, used to treat obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, in draft guidance to NHSA first-of-its-kind treatment targeting a chronic heart disease could offer a “greater hope” to thousands of people living with the condition.The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (Nice) has approved the use of mavacamten in draft guidance to the NHS. It would be used to treat those with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), with about 7,000 people expected to benefit. Continue reading...