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Specifically, many EV owners in the western region (upwards of 60%, according to one California study) - and all the EV owners considered in our analysis - have signed up with their utility to get highly discounted electricity between midnight and 7am, in exchange for a daytime price hike. The sudden surge on the right side of the graph above suggests the behavioral effectiveness of this framework: when EV owners enroll in a time-of-use rate plan, they operate in alignment with it.

2) EV owners are much more likely than their peers to own solar panels.

EV rate plan subscribers - with their huge night-time charging spike, bigger and fancier homes, and elevated grid electric consumption in the morning and evening - are a distinctive sort of energy user.
And it appears that there are many more of them on the way.