The Guardian view on Britain and France: the very worst of rivals | Editorial

Despite Brexit, a shared history and geography means Paris and London will have to find a way to work together

At the core of Boris Johnson's Brexit is a conflict between ideology and geography. The purpose of the project is divergence - a competitive leap away from Europe into other markets. But that impulse to move is thwarted by the permanence of Britain's location. No matter how much sovereignty the Eurosceptics claim over national regulation, governing a medium-sized power 30 miles from the coast of France will always require some accommodation with the interests of neighbouring states.

EU membership was not the only possible way to manage those relationships, but it worked better than anything that had been tried in the preceding centuries, and nothing has been arranged to replace it. The Brexit withdrawal deal offers only a technical framework for economic partnership, and even that is unstable, as is clear from the ongoing negotiations over customs checks for Northern Ireland and operating licences for French fishers in UK waters.