Why did the Brazil election pollsters get Bolsonaro’s vote so wrong?

One expert says many surveys overrepresented poor voters, and far-right supporters may just not respond

Not for the first time, the pollsters got it wrong. Far from being a sweeping win for the left, the first round of Brazil's presidential elections was much closer than expected, with the country's far-right president significantly outperforming predictions.

With almost all votes counted on Monday, Jair Bolsonaro's veteran leftist rival, Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, had secured 48.3%, while the populist incumbent was just five percentage points behind on 43.3%, a much narrower margin than most pre-election estimates.