Dark Matter: Search for the Invisible Begins in an Old Gold Mine

upstart writes:

Dark matter: search for the invisible begins in an old gold mine:

Scientists know that it makes up most of the universe's mass, but they don't know what it is ... or exactly how to find it

In a former gold mine a mile underground, inside a titanium tank filled with a rare liquified gas, scientists have begun the search for what so far has been unfindable: dark matter.

Scientists are pretty sure the invisible stuff makes up most of the universe's mass and say we wouldn't be here without it - but they don't know what it is. The race to solve this enormous mystery has brought one team to the depths under Lead, South Dakota.

The question for scientists is basic, said Kevin Lesko, a physicist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. "What is this great place I live in? Right now, 95% of it is a mystery."

The idea is that a mile of dirt and rock, a giant tank, a second tank and the purest titanium in the world will block nearly all the cosmic rays and particles that zip around and through all of us every day. But dark matter particles, scientists think, can avoid all those obstacles. They hope one will fly into the vat of liquid xenon in the inner tank and smash into a xenon nucleus like two balls in a game of pool, revealing its existence in a flash of light seen by a device called "the time projection chamber".

Scientists announced on Thursday that the five-year, $60m search finally got under way two months ago after a delay caused by the pandemic. So far the device has found ... nothing. At least no dark matter.

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