Here’s why Labour is struggling to deliver: the British state is immense, but pull the levers and nothing happens | Larry Elliott

At home, the machinery of government creaks badly - abroad, a leaden UK lags far behind dynamic competitors. A radical overhaul is needed

Governments come into office brimming with confidence. They say their election win is a mandate for change, and that work on its manifesto pledges will start immediately. Invariably, there is talk of sleeves being rolled up.

Sooner or later, there is a rude awakening. Ministers push buttons and pull levers expecting things to happen instantly, and are shocked to find that they don't. The reason for that is simple: the British state is big - and getting bigger - but as an agent of change it is not up to the job.

Larry Elliott is a Guardian columnist