by janrinok on (#6ZB16)
quietus writes:From late May to early June of this year, wildfires raged in Canada: the plumes crossed the Atlantic and were observed in Europe.In the night of 12-13 August, the first of a next generation of weather satellites for EUMETSAT was launched aboard an Ariane 6 missile.The satellite, named METOP-SGA1, carries a total of six atmospheric sounding and imaging instrument missions. The payload includes the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer - New Generation (IASI-NG), METimage (a visual and infrared imager), the Microwave Sounder (MWS), a Radio Occultation sounder, and the Multi-Viewing, Multi-Channel, Multi-Polarisation Imager (3MI) - the latter being an entirely new instrument designed to enhance the monitoring of aerosols -- as e.g. created by the Canadian wildfires -- and cloud properties.Metop-SGA1 also carries the European Union's Copernicus Sentinel-5 mission, which will supply detailed data on atmospheric composition and trace gases that affect air quality, helping health authorities to monitor air pollution.One aim of the satellite is to improve weather forecasts from 6 hours before (now-casting) to up to 10 days ahead. Another aim is to further improve climate models. A crucial instrument here is the Microwave Sounder, which will create temperature and humidity profiles across the atmosphere by measuring microwave brightness temperatures at different altitudes, in all weather.